1
00:00:06,470 --> 00:00:03,990
the international space station's

2
00:00:09,110 --> 00:00:06,480
expedition 40 crew members share an

3
00:00:10,950 --> 00:00:09,120
affinity for exploration on this planet

4
00:00:12,950 --> 00:00:10,960
but they're also eager to take up the

5
00:00:16,550 --> 00:00:12,960
challenge of setting the stage for

6
00:00:18,790 --> 00:00:16,560
future exploration off the planet dr

7
00:00:20,870 --> 00:00:18,800
steve swanson was born in syracuse new

8
00:00:23,349 --> 00:00:20,880
york and moved with his family a number

9
00:00:26,390 --> 00:00:23,359
of times before ending up in steamboat

10
00:00:28,230 --> 00:00:26,400
springs colorado as he entered his teens

11
00:00:31,349 --> 00:00:28,240
it's a beautiful place i love the

12
00:00:33,110 --> 00:00:31,359
mountains i love the area and

13
00:00:34,870 --> 00:00:33,120
when i grew up there it was definitely

14
00:00:37,270 --> 00:00:34,880
like a half agricultural ranching

15
00:00:39,510 --> 00:00:37,280
community and half resort and it was a

16
00:00:41,670 --> 00:00:39,520
great combination he stayed at home for

17
00:00:43,830 --> 00:00:41,680
college got his bachelor's of science in

18
00:00:46,150 --> 00:00:43,840
engineering physics at the university of

19
00:00:48,549 --> 00:00:46,160
colorado but then went to florida

20
00:00:51,270 --> 00:00:48,559
atlantic university to get his masters

21
00:00:53,590 --> 00:00:51,280
of applied science in computer systems

22
00:00:55,830 --> 00:00:53,600
at that point he considered his options

23
00:00:57,430 --> 00:00:55,840
and the job of astronaut seemed to have

24
00:00:59,590 --> 00:00:57,440
what he was looking for

25
00:01:01,910 --> 00:00:59,600
after a year working as an engineer in

26
00:01:03,830 --> 00:01:01,920
phoenix he got a job as an engineer at

27
00:01:05,910 --> 00:01:03,840
the johnson space center's aircraft

28
00:01:08,149 --> 00:01:05,920
operations division working on the

29
00:01:10,149 --> 00:01:08,159
shuttle training aircraft while earning

30
00:01:12,469 --> 00:01:10,159
his doctorate in computer science from

31
00:01:15,350 --> 00:01:12,479
texas a m he was chosen for the

32
00:01:17,990 --> 00:01:15,360
astronaut program in 1998 and made his

33
00:01:19,429 --> 00:01:18,000
first flight in 2007 on a mission to

34
00:01:21,190 --> 00:01:19,439
deliver a truss segment to the

35
00:01:23,030 --> 00:01:21,200
international space station

36
00:01:26,070 --> 00:01:23,040
swanson made two spacewalks on that

37
00:01:27,990 --> 00:01:26,080
mission and two more on a 2009 shuttle

38
00:01:30,230 --> 00:01:28,000
flight that delivered another truss

39
00:01:31,350 --> 00:01:30,240
segment to outfit the station to perform

40
00:01:33,190 --> 00:01:31,360
its mission

41
00:01:34,630 --> 00:01:33,200
we're going off now we're trying to get

42
00:01:37,590 --> 00:01:34,640
science better we're also trying to find

43
00:01:39,109 --> 00:01:37,600
maybe a place that we could go to uh to

44
00:01:41,429 --> 00:01:39,119
maybe you know get resources off the

45
00:01:43,590 --> 00:01:41,439
moon we could go explore the mars all

46
00:01:45,270 --> 00:01:43,600
these kind of ideas are things i think

47
00:01:48,069 --> 00:01:45,280
as human nature we just have to do

48
00:01:50,550 --> 00:01:48,079
alexander skvortsov was born in shelkavo

49
00:01:52,469 --> 00:01:50,560
near moscow because his father's job as

50
00:01:55,350 --> 00:01:52,479
a cosmonaut brought the family to star

51
00:01:57,270 --> 00:01:55,360
city a town with no maternity ward

52
00:01:59,350 --> 00:01:57,280
but soon after his birth schwarzo's

53
00:02:02,870 --> 00:01:59,360
father left the cosmonaut corps and the

54
00:02:06,630 --> 00:02:02,880
military took the family to murchansk

55
00:02:09,749 --> 00:02:06,640
and i still love the town a very big

56
00:02:13,110 --> 00:02:09,759
quiet river a wonderful nature wonderful

57
00:02:15,350 --> 00:02:13,120
forest very good people i like that town

58
00:02:16,869 --> 00:02:15,360
and i have there are a lot of people who

59
00:02:18,630 --> 00:02:16,879
graduate from high school with me my

60
00:02:21,030 --> 00:02:18,640
classmates still live there

61
00:02:23,350 --> 00:02:21,040
after high school sportsof set out to

62
00:02:24,790 --> 00:02:23,360
fulfill his dream of being a cosmonaut

63
00:02:26,390 --> 00:02:24,800
like his father

64
00:02:28,630 --> 00:02:26,400
after he completed study at the

65
00:02:30,869 --> 00:02:28,640
stavropol air force pilot and navigator

66
00:02:32,949 --> 00:02:30,879
school he spent seven years in the

67
00:02:35,270 --> 00:02:32,959
national air defense force before

68
00:02:38,070 --> 00:02:35,280
studying at the military red banner air

69
00:02:41,110 --> 00:02:38,080
defense academy schwarzoff graduated the

70
00:02:43,110 --> 00:02:41,120
academy in 1997 the same year he was

71
00:02:44,949 --> 00:02:43,120
selected for the cosmonaut corps

72
00:02:48,070 --> 00:02:44,959
he spent six months on the international

73
00:02:51,350 --> 00:02:48,080
space station in 2010 including serving

74
00:02:53,270 --> 00:02:51,360
as station commander for expedition 24.

75
00:02:55,110 --> 00:02:53,280
after he returned to earth he finished

76
00:02:57,509 --> 00:02:55,120
his studies at the russian academy of

77
00:02:59,589 --> 00:02:57,519
civil service to become a lawyer and he

78
00:03:02,869 --> 00:02:59,599
retired from the air force as a colonel

79
00:03:08,470 --> 00:03:06,949
it is an enormous joy to look down to

80
00:03:10,630 --> 00:03:08,480
earth

81
00:03:11,910 --> 00:03:10,640
and we really want to

82
00:03:13,910 --> 00:03:11,920
um

83
00:03:17,030 --> 00:03:13,920
see earth always looking as beautiful as

84
00:03:18,710 --> 00:03:17,040
we see from space a blue planet with

85
00:03:21,190 --> 00:03:18,720
wonderful nature

86
00:03:23,270 --> 00:03:21,200
oleg artemyev was born in riga the

87
00:03:25,350 --> 00:03:23,280
capital of latvia where his military

88
00:03:27,589 --> 00:03:25,360
officer father was stationed but the

89
00:03:30,149 --> 00:03:27,599
family soon moved to kazakhstan to the

90
00:03:31,589 --> 00:03:30,159
town now known as baikonur when artemyev

91
00:03:33,190 --> 00:03:31,599
was a small boy

92
00:03:35,190 --> 00:03:33,200
although he lived in the place where

93
00:03:38,149 --> 00:03:35,200
people were launched into space he

94
00:03:40,550 --> 00:03:38,159
wanted to be a sailor cosmonauts we

95
00:03:42,149 --> 00:03:40,560
always thought of cosmonauts as the

96
00:03:43,350 --> 00:03:42,159
people that we always have to go meet

97
00:03:45,270 --> 00:03:43,360
and greet

98
00:03:47,030 --> 00:03:45,280
they would pull us out of

99
00:03:49,110 --> 00:03:47,040
the activities that we actually enjoyed

100
00:03:51,430 --> 00:03:49,120
and they would line us up along the road

101
00:03:52,390 --> 00:03:51,440
and make us wave little flags to greet

102
00:03:54,550 --> 00:03:52,400
them

103
00:03:56,869 --> 00:03:54,560
after high school artemyev went off to

104
00:03:58,630 --> 00:03:56,879
train as a sailor but when that didn't

105
00:04:01,030 --> 00:03:58,640
work out he went to the talon

106
00:04:03,509 --> 00:04:01,040
polytechnic institute and graduated into

107
00:04:05,910 --> 00:04:03,519
a job as an electrician but soon left

108
00:04:07,830 --> 00:04:05,920
that to join the soviet army

109
00:04:09,910 --> 00:04:07,840
after two years in the service he went

110
00:04:11,990 --> 00:04:09,920
to moscow and was admitted to the bauman

111
00:04:13,910 --> 00:04:12,000
technical university where he earned a

112
00:04:15,190 --> 00:04:13,920
degree in low temperature physics and

113
00:04:17,189 --> 00:04:15,200
technology

114
00:04:19,430 --> 00:04:17,199
that got him a job at the rocket space

115
00:04:21,830 --> 00:04:19,440
corporation inerkia where he worked

116
00:04:23,590 --> 00:04:21,840
building and testing space vehicles

117
00:04:26,550 --> 00:04:23,600
including preparing the international

118
00:04:28,230 --> 00:04:26,560
space station's zvezda module for launch

119
00:04:31,909 --> 00:04:28,240
he was selected to start training as a

120
00:04:34,710 --> 00:04:31,919
cosmonaut in 2003. in 2009 he

121
00:04:36,550 --> 00:04:34,720
participated in the mars 500 experiment

122
00:04:39,110 --> 00:04:36,560
along with future cosmonaut sergey

123
00:04:42,629 --> 00:04:39,120
ryazanskiy on his way to preparing for

124
00:04:44,550 --> 00:04:42,639
his first space flight assignment

125
00:04:48,150 --> 00:04:44,560
i hope that um

126
00:04:51,110 --> 00:04:48,160
my small contribution will help those

127
00:04:53,350 --> 00:04:51,120
stupid numbers will eventually

128
00:04:55,909 --> 00:04:53,360
make a first step on

129
00:04:57,830 --> 00:04:55,919
the surface of mars or touch an asteroid

130
00:04:59,270 --> 00:04:57,840
bring something good back

131
00:05:01,909 --> 00:04:59,280
maybe even

132
00:05:04,790 --> 00:05:01,919
see some extraterrestrial life there are

133
00:05:07,749 --> 00:05:04,800
a lot of good jobs on earth but

134
00:05:09,990 --> 00:05:07,759
yeah this is the ultimate

135
00:05:12,710 --> 00:05:10,000
max tsarive is the son of a soviet air

136
00:05:14,550 --> 00:05:12,720
force officer he was born in chelyabinsk

137
00:05:17,110 --> 00:05:14,560
in the southern ural region of russia

138
00:05:18,390 --> 00:05:17,120
north of kazakhstan but his family moved

139
00:05:19,590 --> 00:05:18,400
all over the country during his

140
00:05:21,430 --> 00:05:19,600
childhood

141
00:05:24,150 --> 00:05:21,440
all along he intended to become a

142
00:05:26,550 --> 00:05:24,160
military pilot the idea of becoming a

143
00:05:27,749 --> 00:05:26,560
cosmonaut was just an extension of that

144
00:05:30,950 --> 00:05:27,759
idea

145
00:05:33,270 --> 00:05:30,960
and i thought i'd give it a shot because

146
00:05:36,070 --> 00:05:33,280
the profession of a military pilot is

147
00:05:37,830 --> 00:05:36,080
very similar to that of a cosmonaut

148
00:05:40,710 --> 00:05:37,840
making quick decisions making right

149
00:05:42,870 --> 00:05:40,720
decisions so something risky something

150
00:05:45,590 --> 00:05:42,880
complicated something challenging

151
00:05:48,070 --> 00:05:45,600
something interesting which brings a lot

152
00:05:50,230 --> 00:05:48,080
of pleasure if you manage

153
00:05:52,710 --> 00:05:50,240
after high school in noginsk near star

154
00:05:54,710 --> 00:05:52,720
city sarayev graduated from the kasha

155
00:05:56,870 --> 00:05:54,720
air force pilot school in the crimea

156
00:05:58,469 --> 00:05:56,880
with a specialty in command tactical

157
00:06:00,390 --> 00:05:58,479
fighter aviation

158
00:06:02,550 --> 00:06:00,400
then he went to the zhukovsky air force

159
00:06:04,710 --> 00:06:02,560
academy to specialize in test and

160
00:06:06,870 --> 00:06:04,720
exploitation of aircraft and weapons

161
00:06:08,950 --> 00:06:06,880
systems he applied to the cosmonaut

162
00:06:11,110 --> 00:06:08,960
corps and was selected the year before

163
00:06:13,510 --> 00:06:11,120
he finished at the academy and while

164
00:06:15,590 --> 00:06:13,520
training in star city he also graduated

165
00:06:16,870 --> 00:06:15,600
from the civil service academy of russia

166
00:06:18,870 --> 00:06:16,880
as a lawyer

167
00:06:22,550 --> 00:06:18,880
sarim's first flight was a six-month

168
00:06:25,430 --> 00:06:22,560
tour on expeditions 21 and 22 in 2009

169
00:06:26,629 --> 00:06:25,440
and 2010 during which he completed one

170
00:06:28,390 --> 00:06:26,639
spacewalk

171
00:06:31,590 --> 00:06:28,400
although he retired from the russian air

172
00:06:33,590 --> 00:06:31,600
force as a colonel in 2012 he continues

173
00:06:36,070 --> 00:06:33,600
to work for the cause of human space

174
00:06:38,870 --> 00:06:36,080
exploration

175
00:06:41,029 --> 00:06:38,880
that's why we send humans in space

176
00:06:44,230 --> 00:06:41,039
so that we move forward we may discover

177
00:06:46,070 --> 00:06:44,240
something in the future maybe

178
00:06:48,390 --> 00:06:46,080
maybe not in

179
00:06:52,309 --> 00:06:48,400
so near future but discovering

180
00:06:55,670 --> 00:06:54,070
something that will help us develop and

181
00:06:58,309 --> 00:06:55,680
move forward

182
00:07:00,950 --> 00:06:58,319
us navy commander reed wiseman grew up

183
00:07:02,710 --> 00:07:00,960
in the suburbs of baltimore maryland far

184
00:07:05,430 --> 00:07:02,720
enough away from the city to be able to

185
00:07:06,950 --> 00:07:05,440
enjoy nature learn about the world and

186
00:07:09,430 --> 00:07:06,960
make the most of the freedom and

187
00:07:11,749 --> 00:07:09,440
encouragement he got from his parents

188
00:07:13,589 --> 00:07:11,759
and they always had boundaries but

189
00:07:14,950 --> 00:07:13,599
it was exploration from the time i was

190
00:07:15,909 --> 00:07:14,960
born you know going to the lake with my

191
00:07:17,749 --> 00:07:15,919
brother

192
00:07:20,070 --> 00:07:17,759
learning on my own and figuring things

193
00:07:22,390 --> 00:07:20,080
out and and they gave me that that

194
00:07:24,309 --> 00:07:22,400
freedom and it was wonderful

195
00:07:26,710 --> 00:07:24,319
wiseman earned a bachelor's of science

196
00:07:28,230 --> 00:07:26,720
in computer and systems engineering and

197
00:07:31,830 --> 00:07:28,240
a commission in the navy through the

198
00:07:33,670 --> 00:07:31,840
rotc at rensselaer polytechnic institute

199
00:07:35,830 --> 00:07:33,680
after flight training he was assigned to

200
00:07:37,589 --> 00:07:35,840
an f-14 squadron and made two

201
00:07:39,670 --> 00:07:37,599
deployments to the middle east during

202
00:07:42,070 --> 00:07:39,680
operations southern watch enduring

203
00:07:43,830 --> 00:07:42,080
freedom and iraqi freedom during the

204
00:07:46,309 --> 00:07:43,840
second deployment he was picked for the

205
00:07:48,150 --> 00:07:46,319
navy's test pilot school and later while

206
00:07:50,390 --> 00:07:48,160
working at the patuxent river naval air

207
00:07:52,070 --> 00:07:50,400
station he also earned a master's degree

208
00:07:54,230 --> 00:07:52,080
in systems engineering from johns

209
00:07:56,150 --> 00:07:54,240
hopkins wiseman made two more

210
00:07:59,110 --> 00:07:56,160
international deployments before he was

211
00:08:00,710 --> 00:07:59,120
picked for the astronaut program in 2009

212
00:08:03,670 --> 00:08:00,720
and got the chance to resume the

213
00:08:05,909 --> 00:08:03,680
exploration he loved as a child

214
00:08:08,390 --> 00:08:05,919
we are curious we are inquisitive we are

215
00:08:11,110 --> 00:08:08,400
explorers by our very nature and right

216
00:08:14,469 --> 00:08:11,120
now the biggest exploration that a human

217
00:08:16,550 --> 00:08:14,479
can go on is 250 miles up on the space

218
00:08:18,790 --> 00:08:16,560
station so to me there's not even a

219
00:08:21,430 --> 00:08:18,800
question of course it's worth the risk

220
00:08:22,309 --> 00:08:21,440
just to go out there and push humanity

221
00:08:24,309 --> 00:08:22,319
to

222
00:08:26,790 --> 00:08:24,319
further than we've been

223
00:08:29,990 --> 00:08:26,800
that's that's a no-brainer

224
00:08:32,070 --> 00:08:30,000
dr alexander gerst was born in kunzelsau

225
00:08:34,469 --> 00:08:32,080
a small town in rural south central

226
00:08:36,790 --> 00:08:34,479
germany he liked being close to nature

227
00:08:38,469 --> 00:08:36,800
and looking up at the night sky and his

228
00:08:40,310 --> 00:08:38,479
curiosity was piqued when his

229
00:08:43,269 --> 00:08:40,320
grandfather talked to people all over

230
00:08:46,630 --> 00:08:43,279
the world on his amateur radio one day

231
00:08:48,389 --> 00:08:46,640
he somehow managed to adjust his antenna

232
00:08:49,590 --> 00:08:48,399
such that it would actually broadcast to

233
00:08:50,630 --> 00:08:49,600
the moon

234
00:08:56,630 --> 00:08:50,640
and

235
00:08:58,150 --> 00:08:56,640
speak a few words into the radio they

236
00:08:59,590 --> 00:08:58,160
would bounce back from the surface of

237
00:09:02,389 --> 00:08:59,600
the moon and about two and a half

238
00:09:03,910 --> 00:09:02,399
seconds later i would hear my own words

239
00:09:06,230 --> 00:09:03,920
in the radio

240
00:09:09,269 --> 00:09:06,240
knowing as a six-year-old that they were

241
00:09:11,829 --> 00:09:09,279
just on the moon so it was impossible

242
00:09:14,230 --> 00:09:11,839
for me to grasp in the beginning

243
00:09:16,550 --> 00:09:14,240
gerst started his exploration focused on

244
00:09:18,310 --> 00:09:16,560
this planet and earned a diploma in

245
00:09:20,949 --> 00:09:18,320
geophysics from the university of

246
00:09:23,190 --> 00:09:20,959
karlsruhe in germany while also getting

247
00:09:25,670 --> 00:09:23,200
his master's in earth sciences from

248
00:09:27,829 --> 00:09:25,680
victoria university in new zealand while

249
00:09:30,230 --> 00:09:27,839
working there developing new volcano

250
00:09:32,310 --> 00:09:30,240
monitoring techniques he made four

251
00:09:34,389 --> 00:09:32,320
scientific missions to study volcanoes

252
00:09:36,790 --> 00:09:34,399
in antarctica while working on his

253
00:09:38,470 --> 00:09:36,800
doctorate in natural sciences at the

254
00:09:40,630 --> 00:09:38,480
institute of geophysics at the

255
00:09:42,710 --> 00:09:40,640
university of hamburg and during that

256
00:09:45,110 --> 00:09:42,720
time he made good on a promise to

257
00:09:47,910 --> 00:09:45,120
himself that he would make at least one

258
00:09:49,670 --> 00:09:47,920
sincere effort to become an astronaut he

259
00:09:52,870 --> 00:09:49,680
was selected for the astronaut corps by

260
00:09:55,350 --> 00:09:52,880
the european space agency in 2009

261
00:09:57,590 --> 00:09:55,360
finished his phd the following year and

262
00:09:59,750 --> 00:09:57,600
has been focused ever since on his

263
00:10:01,030 --> 00:09:59,760
chance to be part of what he calls the

264
00:10:01,829 --> 00:10:01,040
first wave

265
00:10:04,630 --> 00:10:01,839
being

266
00:10:07,350 --> 00:10:04,640
the first well wave of explorers on the

267
00:10:11,030 --> 00:10:07,360
way out exploring the universe

268
00:10:12,069 --> 00:10:11,040
to moon asteroids mars and beyond

269
00:10:15,110 --> 00:10:12,079
that is

270
00:10:16,069 --> 00:10:15,120
for me such an important thing to do for